Researchers generate cutting-edge mouse models by engrafting human cells and tissue into the animals to better study the human immune system. Scientists have employed mouse models in immunological ...

Our immune system is always on alert, detecting and eliminating pathogens and cancer cells. Cellular control mechanisms cause diseased cells to present antigens on their surface like signs for the ...

As humanity prepares for longer missions beyond Earth, scientists are uncovering unsettling truths about how space reshapes the human body. Among the most affected systems is the immune system, which ...

I’ve noticed I’m getting more colds as I get older. What can I do to give my immune system a boost? Like the rest of your body, your immune system ages, too. This contributes to higher rates of ...

Though the NHS recommends most adults consider taking vitamin D until around March as daylight hours shrink, the service also noted: “There’s little evidence that supplements such as vitamin C, ...

THE HUMAN immune system is full of surprises. Though it has long been known that the body’s internal defences spring into action when an infection-causing intruder—such as a bacterium or virus—is ...