How does the cell convert DNA into working proteins? The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. But ...

This film creatively illustrates the process of protein synthesis through dance, symbolizing the assembly of amino acids into proteins. It explains how genes encode instructions for amino acid ...

There are 20 amino acids that make up proteins and all have the same basic structure, differing only in the R-group or side chain they have. Amino acids are in an equilibrium between two acids with ...

The functions of the individual complexes have been well understood for many years. Ribosomes, often referred to as the cell’s protein factories, translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into a specific ...

DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA carries the genetic code to the ribosome, the cell’s protein-making machinery. Ribosomes read the mRNA sequence, and as the ribosome moves along the ...

Starting from the four innermost letters and working to the outermost ring, this table shows shows which three-letter base sequence or codon encodes which amino acid. In the journal Angewandte Chemie ...