By analyzing a pedigree, we can determine genotypes, identify phenotypes, and predict how a trait will be passed on in the future. The information from a pedigree makes it possible to …

The pedigree below tracks the presence of attached earlobes through a family's generation. Having attached earlobes is an autosomal recessive trait. What is the genotype of individual II-3?

Pedigrees are a useful method to model the inheritance patterns of traits within families. By using symbols and analyzing phenotypes, we can infer genotypes and understand the role of …

The pedigree below tracks the presence of attached earlobes through a family's generation. Having attached earlobes is an autosomal recessive trait. What is the genotype of individual II-3?

Pedigree charts can be used to determine the probability of offspring exhibiting an X-linked recessive trait, such as color blindness. By scrutinizing genotypes and utilizing a Punnett …

Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder that causes problems with the blood clotting process. Hemophilia is caused by mutations in the F8 gene. The inheritance pattern of hemophilia is …

For example, the double crossover shown above wouldn't be detectable if we were just looking at genes A and C, since these genes end up back in their original configuration.

As an example, let's use the sum rule to predict the fraction of offspring from an Aa x Aa cross that will have the dominant phenotype (AA or Aa genotype). In this cross, there are three …

For example, the bacteria in your gut are helpful to you normally, and are not considered an infection despite living inside you and feeding off of you; however, if these bacteria leave your …

Test your skills using Punnett squares to determine probability!